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$ I' _0 r1 o: t) X; G 原标题:如何保护鲸鱼免受船只伤害,看看智利交出的答卷!
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A device floating in waters off the coast of southern Chile aims to collect data on nearby whales to protect them from passing ships. 7 i/ m6 V& q% g* ?
智利南部海岸附近水域漂浮着一个装置,该装置旨在收集附近鲸鱼的数据,以保护它们免受过往船只的伤害。 1 Y9 p4 X8 ~6 R8 ]: Z5 r3 O% C

4 b H1 k5 K9 V: F& i5 B8 X4 l G The first electronic buoy was recently placed in the sea in the Gulf of Corcovado, about 1,100 kilometers from the capital, Santiago. 6 r* k& M" c$ b2 t$ Q0 \5 `
第一个电子浮标最近被放置在距离智利首都圣地亚哥约1100公里的科尔科瓦多湾。 4 B" C% j/ \8 N1 t8 m8 v! Q; K
The device is designed to listen to the sounds whales make when they communicate with each other.
2 x: l3 N& }$ ?6 a5 `9 x 该设备旨在监听鲸鱼相互交流时发出的声音。
/ _! q/ y w: S d# G! @ The animals use sound to map their movements and to hunt.
! S6 p# P6 {$ m# D$ U; [ 这种动物使用声音来记录它们的行动图,并进行狩猎。
2 N' z+ ^9 t* m N6 N8 g The sounds are processed by artificial intelligence (AI)-powered computer systems in an effort to identify where the animals are. $ ^0 h2 ? n) a
这些声音由人工智能(AI)驱动的计算机系统处理,以努力确定动物的位置。 0 l+ X$ c0 b4 l. A& y) ^ z" f
This information is then sent to shipping operators to help them avoid crashing into whales.
" p. O' F; H2 g/ E 这些信息随后被发送给航运运营商,以帮助他们避免撞到鲸鱼。
U1 _+ V, C0 ?: {* h7 Q8 b0 Z4 D A non-profit organization called the Blue Boat Initiative put the buoy in place. . ?$ J: g5 u% S
该浮标由一个名为“蓝船倡议”的非营利组织安装。 3 N9 a# C; t: q) o
The group seeks to develop and deploy technology tools to provide a warning system for shipping companies. ( L7 G) A: n* ~$ T5 N1 C1 D9 C8 z
该组织寻求开发和部署技术工具,为航运公司提供预警系统。
- R2 O: E1 C% Y% _7 _/ ?* n# k1 o In addition to helping protect whales, the "smart" buoy also collects data on the health of the ocean and the effects of climate change.
3 m' @% a7 q& m3 ~+ O; ^ 除了帮助保护鲸鱼,“智能”浮标还收集关于海洋健康和气候变化影响的数据。 $ l/ k* }3 y) u. w
The group plans to place a series of buoys along the path whales take on trips from Antarctica to the equator.
! p8 D- D6 P1 E4 j 该组织计划在鲸鱼从南极洲到赤道的路线上放置一系列浮标。
- i2 G( {- U6 S% j The Gulf of Corcovado is rich in sea life, including a large number of blue whales, as well as sei and Southern right whales.
6 {/ n( o; O" X: D' d 科尔科瓦多湾的海洋生物丰富,包括大量的蓝鲸,以及西鲸和南露脊鲸。
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& z9 Q. {6 n9 g3 f Y All these whales are listed as endangered under the Endangered Species Act.
0 [) _, O0 ?+ A6 h5 j5 z0 I8 A 根据《濒危物种法》,所有这些鲸鱼都被列为濒危物种。
" C( H, a5 P% S Y5 U0 Z5 q! y The areas whale population is largest during the summer season in the Southern Hemisphere.
9 m4 ^$ i& _. b5 F* b" Z 该地区的鲸鱼数量在南半球的夏季是最多的。 5 L N7 n' d+ ^ i( q+ Q( g
In 2008, Chile banned whaling activities, including whaling for scientific purposes.
6 A! |) ^6 h' H) d: X# m 2008年,智利禁止捕鲸活动,包括用于科学目的捕鲸。 0 v6 t. f6 g. J7 \% y) B
The country has established a number of protected areas for whales and other endangered species.
2 o7 M+ t2 D- J* y1 K* n( E6 a$ W 该国已经为鲸鱼和其他濒危物种建立了一些保护区。
, S9 l; J1 _1 n8 g4 ]! ? "This is the beginning of a longer road," said Sonia Espanol, director of the Blue Boat Initiative. / f2 z# d; Y) g& Z" \ r
“这是一条更漫长道路的开始,”蓝船倡议的负责人索尼娅·埃斯帕诺尔说。 # V; G4 i c1 m3 D ?; d2 s4 \) P( _
She noted that her team plans to cover the gulf with at least six buoys.
* U3 R5 X. _+ W8 M 她指出,她的团队计划用至少六个浮标覆盖整个海湾。
* x8 J8 j2 U+ Q' S# G! U. R+ T "The idea is to be able to cover the entire migratory route of the whales from Antarctica to the equator," Espanol said.
1 u7 ?& U- J6 V/ E$ F7 Z “我们的想法是能够覆盖鲸鱼从南极洲到赤道的整个迁徙路线。”埃斯帕诺尔说。 ) n- K4 y, r* E+ o+ w$ }8 @: f
The buoy works by using software called Listening to the Deep Ocean Environment (LIDO).
$ D& m/ C5 o _: R _ 该浮标的工作原理是使用名为“倾听深海环境”(LIDO)的软件。 8 _% _0 _5 d/ Y' F& F( S* @
The device continuously monitors ocean sounds.
* d& q+ j- o- ]3 \3 R 该设备持续监测海洋声音。
& [* }0 I+ P6 H& M7 T6 l: A1 g It uses AI to identify the kind of whales and where they are in real time.
5 ^1 Y9 S& t4 D% X+ e' H( K 它使用人工智能来实时识别鲸鱼的种类和位置。
0 u, \7 t( O# q2 v It then sends messages to nearby ships so they can reduce noise levels and try to avoid crashes. / N8 I; R, s3 m7 l
然后它会向附近的船只发送信息,这样他们就可以降低噪音水平,尽量避免碰撞。
1 N3 G* [4 X1 N. i! m The buoys also contain sensors to measure water temperatures, oxygen levels and more to predict ocean health and the effects of climate change.
4 x9 Z( F! a2 |+ j- ^# d 浮标还包含传感器,用来测量水温、氧气水平等,以预测海洋健康和气候变化的影响。 5 F: o: g4 |& J; j5 L; @6 Z
That information is expected to be used to help guide public environmental policies. ; R* Y/ `% D+ Z2 y( [+ b- ~
这些信息预计将被用来帮助指导公共环境政策。 6 n9 X! _9 X5 ?
In the United States, scientists recently deployed a similar whale warning system off Americas west coast.
, k* G2 d, \6 W2 h! d2 ] 在美国,科学家最近在美国西海岸部署了一个类似的鲸鱼预警系统。 ) ~4 A$ C$ |2 ?" {4 i, l
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That system, called Whale Safe, also uses buoys to identify the presence of whales. , T) N( P2 |- g- y
这个被称为“鲸鱼安全”的系统也使用浮标来识别鲸鱼的存在。
! K: t3 M- w- q0 v+ B; C 2022年第11期招生刚刚结束,部分班级还可以插班,详情请点击:招生简章|"一天一点"会员口语群2022年第11期招生最后1天! 4 Q* G% e2 r( w+ d: }3 _
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