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2 U5 x( F" u4 {# z 原标题：如何保护鲸鱼免受船只伤害，看看智利交出的答卷！ ) H% W C+ @ M8 ~
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' a2 v9 Z8 |, d A device floating in waters off the coast of southern Chile aims to collect data on nearby whales to protect them from passing ships. 3 M! p+ [& j- {
智利南部海岸附近水域漂浮着一个装置，该装置旨在收集附近鲸鱼的数据，以保护它们免受过往船只的伤害。
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The first electronic buoy was recently placed in the sea in the Gulf of Corcovado, about 1,100 kilometers from the capital, Santiago.
4 l, W0 w2 Z8 F# y0 Y) k' B$ h5 U 第一个电子浮标最近被放置在距离智利首都圣地亚哥约1100公里的科尔科瓦多湾。
* Q% t- e! U, D2 W The device is designed to listen to the sounds whales make when they communicate with each other.
3 _4 ]: m2 `8 z/ m, m1 Q 该设备旨在监听鲸鱼相互交流时发出的声音。 4 g0 Q7 ]% \( K' y, u
The animals use sound to map their movements and to hunt.
2 R8 i4 k# h1 _" u 这种动物使用声音来记录它们的行动图，并进行狩猎。 : K0 z7 \6 c+ q( s, a( {
The sounds are processed by artificial intelligence (AI)-powered computer systems in an effort to identify where the animals are. 1 }+ f; ^- q: w# X- F3 l
这些声音由人工智能(AI)驱动的计算机系统处理，以努力确定动物的位置。 4 _* y" {3 n4 K) C0 W
This information is then sent to shipping operators to help them avoid crashing into whales.
3 _. C/ S" L" W5 r 这些信息随后被发送给航运运营商，以帮助他们避免撞到鲸鱼。
% k, z: ]4 K @+ e A non-profit organization called the Blue Boat Initiative put the buoy in place.
& X- L9 M* Z3 c/ s( w 该浮标由一个名为“蓝船倡议”的非营利组织安装。 6 R& {! P% X* f& V- _% y
The group seeks to develop and deploy technology tools to provide a warning system for shipping companies.
v+ {% }. ]1 q+ [+ V- v/ ? 该组织寻求开发和部署技术工具，为航运公司提供预警系统。 # Z1 a; q/ H# V: p
In addition to helping protect whales, the "smart" buoy also collects data on the health of the ocean and the effects of climate change.
0 f1 l. z( N V 除了帮助保护鲸鱼，“智能”浮标还收集关于海洋健康和气候变化影响的数据。 ! h k" g! e d, V- U/ a1 m: @
The group plans to place a series of buoys along the path whales take on trips from Antarctica to the equator.
& b. s0 a% v/ j5 V3 [ 该组织计划在鲸鱼从南极洲到赤道的路线上放置一系列浮标。
) P" ] }! F# G3 V) |3 _ } The Gulf of Corcovado is rich in sea life, including a large number of blue whales, as well as sei and Southern right whales.
& Y# l* t) ?% k! t 科尔科瓦多湾的海洋生物丰富，包括大量的蓝鲸，以及西鲸和南露脊鲸。 7 i7 H& C; J4 L( Z. u
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All these whales are listed as endangered under the Endangered Species Act.
6 j1 P1 O) V3 b& t) m$ f 根据《濒危物种法》，所有这些鲸鱼都被列为濒危物种。 3 q* ~4 H0 p9 |
The areas whale population is largest during the summer season in the Southern Hemisphere.
[/ V1 \ Y6 ^- E" e4 T6 ?! S6 m0 r T 该地区的鲸鱼数量在南半球的夏季是最多的。
9 q4 J9 {9 {& O y m$ } In 2008, Chile banned whaling activities, including whaling for scientific purposes.
' z& E; V+ |' a! j" K6 U 2008年，智利禁止捕鲸活动，包括用于科学目的捕鲸。
0 ~( ?( G% G: S+ O+ D8 [1 V The country has established a number of protected areas for whales and other endangered species. * ]; \1 u9 r* j- m' W
该国已经为鲸鱼和其他濒危物种建立了一些保护区。 $ d4 B" m0 E' B+ n
"This is the beginning of a longer road," said Sonia Espanol, director of the Blue Boat Initiative.
0 v5 p3 E p7 A, `7 a' B6 U “这是一条更漫长道路的开始，”蓝船倡议的负责人索尼娅·埃斯帕诺尔说。
) }( [* y8 n7 _6 q' o$ n& }# R She noted that her team plans to cover the gulf with at least six buoys. 6 j, f! K- L7 d x7 V+ y* J
她指出，她的团队计划用至少六个浮标覆盖整个海湾。 3 b# o" l& K0 G$ M) f! `
"The idea is to be able to cover the entire migratory route of the whales from Antarctica to the equator," Espanol said.
/ b) ` T; m$ o9 F+ A' X “我们的想法是能够覆盖鲸鱼从南极洲到赤道的整个迁徙路线。”埃斯帕诺尔说。
4 v4 l2 O) @, l: W8 Y0 e8 x% i The buoy works by using software called Listening to the Deep Ocean Environment (LIDO).
9 b4 A9 r- M& I- J. B6 { 该浮标的工作原理是使用名为“倾听深海环境”(LIDO)的软件。 ; I" _% W% G3 Y0 l) j
The device continuously monitors ocean sounds. 2 X# R# o e5 S1 i- S( _
该设备持续监测海洋声音。 + \3 r" Y' \3 n" C
It uses AI to identify the kind of whales and where they are in real time. 2 b# x2 a% e/ p, }6 x1 B
它使用人工智能来实时识别鲸鱼的种类和位置。 0 y' ~; y# x9 V7 G
It then sends messages to nearby ships so they can reduce noise levels and try to avoid crashes.
; b7 k% G5 M8 m0 @4 B2 U! Q 然后它会向附近的船只发送信息，这样他们就可以降低噪音水平，尽量避免碰撞。 " B3 s) _+ I3 n+ f0 o, G
The buoys also contain sensors to measure water temperatures, oxygen levels and more to predict ocean health and the effects of climate change.
& d/ e4 N [- g 浮标还包含传感器，用来测量水温、氧气水平等，以预测海洋健康和气候变化的影响。
& R4 a' ]/ z W& s( N" s, v' P That information is expected to be used to help guide public environmental policies.
4 b5 V: y# B1 C+ z! x m0 c6 r8 s7 g0 ~ 这些信息预计将被用来帮助指导公共环境政策。
0 C8 l E3 T) V9 o1 I In the United States, scientists recently deployed a similar whale warning system off Americas west coast.
: B" I5 n* u4 ^0 Q% Z 在美国，科学家最近在美国西海岸部署了一个类似的鲸鱼预警系统。 & q1 u, H/ Y; z8 {8 r* t( v
" x. {3 p, F' ^. g/ H That system, called Whale Safe, also uses buoys to identify the presence of whales.
M. P! U% P9 g8 o0 R9 [ W 这个被称为“鲸鱼安全”的系统也使用浮标来识别鲸鱼的存在。
6 T, }% P9 N( |+ y7 y1 t 2022年第11期招生刚刚结束，部分班级还可以插班，详情请点击：招生简章｜"一天一点"会员口语群2022年第11期招生最后1天！
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