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原标题：如何保护鲸鱼免受船只伤害，看看智利交出的答卷！ 4 ]: ?! Z/ \6 C* w$ ~, c( t/ p8 g
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A device floating in waters off the coast of southern Chile aims to collect data on nearby whales to protect them from passing ships. 1 D0 v+ m: G; D4 c6 x8 H0 q/ k
智利南部海岸附近水域漂浮着一个装置，该装置旨在收集附近鲸鱼的数据，以保护它们免受过往船只的伤害。
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/ x' Z4 e2 P- s3 z+ N j; O The first electronic buoy was recently placed in the sea in the Gulf of Corcovado, about 1,100 kilometers from the capital, Santiago. 4 ]" t- N- Q l$ D
第一个电子浮标最近被放置在距离智利首都圣地亚哥约1100公里的科尔科瓦多湾。 ) P0 {2 ~" _5 ~, t9 U
The device is designed to listen to the sounds whales make when they communicate with each other. l% ]. f) g" x. {% c! e2 M
该设备旨在监听鲸鱼相互交流时发出的声音。 / {5 o" K4 X* V2 r. D! _0 K
The animals use sound to map their movements and to hunt. 2 Q. y: s9 F+ y. @
这种动物使用声音来记录它们的行动图，并进行狩猎。
* a0 M Q( [' x: r; v! ^ The sounds are processed by artificial intelligence (AI)-powered computer systems in an effort to identify where the animals are. 9 u1 N( m, Z: ] C* n7 ]; e
这些声音由人工智能(AI)驱动的计算机系统处理，以努力确定动物的位置。 ?# ]1 n0 }) d' ?% w
This information is then sent to shipping operators to help them avoid crashing into whales. % `) u# y4 `. S" p3 e
这些信息随后被发送给航运运营商，以帮助他们避免撞到鲸鱼。 P/ u2 t" T0 s9 S! V
A non-profit organization called the Blue Boat Initiative put the buoy in place.
7 c0 G# I. y9 u- A5 ]! H' u# j 该浮标由一个名为“蓝船倡议”的非营利组织安装。
; q# k" c F7 y" I% T, h9 [ The group seeks to develop and deploy technology tools to provide a warning system for shipping companies. $ n7 e( ^. r5 m4 ]5 D
该组织寻求开发和部署技术工具，为航运公司提供预警系统。 9 e5 K5 }6 A# @6 Q
In addition to helping protect whales, the "smart" buoy also collects data on the health of the ocean and the effects of climate change. - l/ A6 m5 l7 q R
除了帮助保护鲸鱼，“智能”浮标还收集关于海洋健康和气候变化影响的数据。
2 A- I a8 |; w, D" T' w5 I- D The group plans to place a series of buoys along the path whales take on trips from Antarctica to the equator.
% |) h+ U# f+ ?8 s2 } 该组织计划在鲸鱼从南极洲到赤道的路线上放置一系列浮标。 $ u& d6 R1 f; h3 B; _0 x( \7 ~
The Gulf of Corcovado is rich in sea life, including a large number of blue whales, as well as sei and Southern right whales.
4 B- R- V5 e/ L3 U4 B1 L( m 科尔科瓦多湾的海洋生物丰富，包括大量的蓝鲸，以及西鲸和南露脊鲸。 ' E0 S# |( G. }* A
' j- T; h, ^2 r% T All these whales are listed as endangered under the Endangered Species Act.
( Q3 H s+ k8 v9 B% d 根据《濒危物种法》，所有这些鲸鱼都被列为濒危物种。
3 {! s0 \, D1 K& a" z/ H5 M The areas whale population is largest during the summer season in the Southern Hemisphere.
# I5 K2 t, T7 x, G+ X9 r" I! m. x 该地区的鲸鱼数量在南半球的夏季是最多的。
! h9 }, \: W, G0 ?1 K. ~ In 2008, Chile banned whaling activities, including whaling for scientific purposes.
' h+ P7 \ n+ u* C4 e8 k3 [: @8 ~7 Q 2008年，智利禁止捕鲸活动，包括用于科学目的捕鲸。 ! ^6 E4 o& @2 y& i: N, n
The country has established a number of protected areas for whales and other endangered species. ( k1 j; [8 x% S$ K% L! R" O
该国已经为鲸鱼和其他濒危物种建立了一些保护区。 & P; X) G/ U2 {# O( ^* X
"This is the beginning of a longer road," said Sonia Espanol, director of the Blue Boat Initiative. ( C, }* x: J% X- ]
“这是一条更漫长道路的开始，”蓝船倡议的负责人索尼娅·埃斯帕诺尔说。 " _0 r C, v2 ^; \0 n
She noted that her team plans to cover the gulf with at least six buoys.
0 B; f C O' g# B# R+ U+ m. f 她指出，她的团队计划用至少六个浮标覆盖整个海湾。 " ]8 R5 v* z0 l6 Q( n7 P
"The idea is to be able to cover the entire migratory route of the whales from Antarctica to the equator," Espanol said. " x7 H9 Y4 ]0 `" w
“我们的想法是能够覆盖鲸鱼从南极洲到赤道的整个迁徙路线。”埃斯帕诺尔说。 . F+ B) `3 f' s2 h, R, ^
The buoy works by using software called Listening to the Deep Ocean Environment (LIDO). # w+ H# X3 `; y1 c0 s
该浮标的工作原理是使用名为“倾听深海环境”(LIDO)的软件。
% }' J( q) w9 R5 g The device continuously monitors ocean sounds.
1 @8 L' \. @( s- a: D 该设备持续监测海洋声音。 3 [8 c8 Q3 Y( h$ l: T$ l# J: r7 Q
It uses AI to identify the kind of whales and where they are in real time. , c h |' L( m) l* [( S
它使用人工智能来实时识别鲸鱼的种类和位置。
: {/ C8 ?( H$ u6 `) P9 x It then sends messages to nearby ships so they can reduce noise levels and try to avoid crashes.
" C% ^9 @' a) K9 _4 E5 @+ i$ U 然后它会向附近的船只发送信息，这样他们就可以降低噪音水平，尽量避免碰撞。
7 k' Q0 {- J% Z' _. C6 h4 F The buoys also contain sensors to measure water temperatures, oxygen levels and more to predict ocean health and the effects of climate change.
# O% u. R% j, v: d4 z3 r 浮标还包含传感器，用来测量水温、氧气水平等，以预测海洋健康和气候变化的影响。 % M5 v! E: w. K) [1 l& ~8 p9 x9 A) J
That information is expected to be used to help guide public environmental policies. * U1 |0 A0 u- S/ V, h
这些信息预计将被用来帮助指导公共环境政策。
+ V e$ f; W* k. E In the United States, scientists recently deployed a similar whale warning system off Americas west coast. # ^3 I8 z7 `7 Y/ b
在美国，科学家最近在美国西海岸部署了一个类似的鲸鱼预警系统。
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; u7 z: d8 Z+ c9 B W; {$ g2 v% W4 y That system, called Whale Safe, also uses buoys to identify the presence of whales. ; j r L% j6 Q6 v) P8 L9 ?
这个被称为“鲸鱼安全”的系统也使用浮标来识别鲸鱼的存在。
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