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原标题：如何保护鲸鱼免受船只伤害，看看智利交出的答卷！ 6 ]' x: d) @5 H+ s. w
3 P/ c6 |1 g- d5 V/ M1 Q, g; @ 2022年第11期招生刚刚结束，部分班级还可以插班，详情请点击：招生简章｜"一天一点"会员口语群2022年第11期招生最后1天！ / j8 e( q, y4 N3 o% q
: a8 K6 k* b* L A device floating in waters off the coast of southern Chile aims to collect data on nearby whales to protect them from passing ships.
; Z0 G8 t I7 g [2 h: w4 i 智利南部海岸附近水域漂浮着一个装置，该装置旨在收集附近鲸鱼的数据，以保护它们免受过往船只的伤害。 : u1 m. C6 F, ^4 r! f
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The first electronic buoy was recently placed in the sea in the Gulf of Corcovado, about 1,100 kilometers from the capital, Santiago. 4 i v( o4 l$ c# U! B
第一个电子浮标最近被放置在距离智利首都圣地亚哥约1100公里的科尔科瓦多湾。
/ n) H% b P% D/ G3 v; ?2 @ The device is designed to listen to the sounds whales make when they communicate with each other.
$ @/ V* c6 ?" c+ b 该设备旨在监听鲸鱼相互交流时发出的声音。 & \' _# b4 O1 z1 {% `8 c- ~7 R
The animals use sound to map their movements and to hunt. * V- Y& W; o9 `4 R4 |0 U0 f; x
这种动物使用声音来记录它们的行动图，并进行狩猎。
- T4 O8 Y) s+ B* T: T The sounds are processed by artificial intelligence (AI)-powered computer systems in an effort to identify where the animals are.
( }; W( f5 G; C 这些声音由人工智能(AI)驱动的计算机系统处理，以努力确定动物的位置。
4 z, R5 M3 }, g8 B This information is then sent to shipping operators to help them avoid crashing into whales.
7 j/ {% p2 G e! u* S" t: s3 l0 I 这些信息随后被发送给航运运营商，以帮助他们避免撞到鲸鱼。
" |3 }$ y, p+ {( }9 Z A non-profit organization called the Blue Boat Initiative put the buoy in place.
; O2 g& P9 E, z J2 C 该浮标由一个名为“蓝船倡议”的非营利组织安装。 # ]) S% ]: s1 R. u" Q
The group seeks to develop and deploy technology tools to provide a warning system for shipping companies.
% `( E1 s$ [# N. Z 该组织寻求开发和部署技术工具，为航运公司提供预警系统。 ' P ^, n# Q$ R7 n4 M0 q$ F
In addition to helping protect whales, the "smart" buoy also collects data on the health of the ocean and the effects of climate change. 3 r: ~8 h- I8 l9 H
除了帮助保护鲸鱼，“智能”浮标还收集关于海洋健康和气候变化影响的数据。 % x+ g* r$ A1 m1 m' I
The group plans to place a series of buoys along the path whales take on trips from Antarctica to the equator.
( O- U: ~- {8 z5 F) E 该组织计划在鲸鱼从南极洲到赤道的路线上放置一系列浮标。
% W g0 N# J$ [, c The Gulf of Corcovado is rich in sea life, including a large number of blue whales, as well as sei and Southern right whales. . ~# |% y- ]- ]- q9 x( E/ k- {2 y
科尔科瓦多湾的海洋生物丰富，包括大量的蓝鲸，以及西鲸和南露脊鲸。 5 e! s' Z, D2 a* j* w
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All these whales are listed as endangered under the Endangered Species Act.
- Y4 j ^8 S/ q& ]$ B 根据《濒危物种法》，所有这些鲸鱼都被列为濒危物种。
9 q& M' e3 t2 f The areas whale population is largest during the summer season in the Southern Hemisphere.
. C! P" U- R% i6 j) m 该地区的鲸鱼数量在南半球的夏季是最多的。 0 Y9 S* G# B( Q& Q) Y
In 2008, Chile banned whaling activities, including whaling for scientific purposes. 8 _% u# B1 |! k" Z* s- z: w
2008年，智利禁止捕鲸活动，包括用于科学目的捕鲸。
0 C' t1 ~7 @& J; s The country has established a number of protected areas for whales and other endangered species.
% q2 \ P2 L3 [" S 该国已经为鲸鱼和其他濒危物种建立了一些保护区。
! a7 p y: G" ~! m. Z "This is the beginning of a longer road," said Sonia Espanol, director of the Blue Boat Initiative. ' }: x9 a% |' Q- d: C
“这是一条更漫长道路的开始，”蓝船倡议的负责人索尼娅·埃斯帕诺尔说。
& w; ?( i) B. A She noted that her team plans to cover the gulf with at least six buoys. Y1 L2 R0 }8 C* w6 s9 b
她指出，她的团队计划用至少六个浮标覆盖整个海湾。
$ e3 [! \. T/ E/ g: }% a6 V "The idea is to be able to cover the entire migratory route of the whales from Antarctica to the equator," Espanol said.
2 W& N* Y) r* C$ `2 G( ^ “我们的想法是能够覆盖鲸鱼从南极洲到赤道的整个迁徙路线。”埃斯帕诺尔说。
+ \3 L- G8 z5 t The buoy works by using software called Listening to the Deep Ocean Environment (LIDO). $ j+ X4 }; J( M$ d
该浮标的工作原理是使用名为“倾听深海环境”(LIDO)的软件。 : o. L, y# p! g2 h: k! g( t
The device continuously monitors ocean sounds. / l r+ p) V, @$ \6 m2 [* |5 M
该设备持续监测海洋声音。
' t( H* f, V+ d/ W It uses AI to identify the kind of whales and where they are in real time.
6 F( y4 n( W. B7 Y% J$ P 它使用人工智能来实时识别鲸鱼的种类和位置。 $ r% }. b! \( w3 W, L$ x0 u
It then sends messages to nearby ships so they can reduce noise levels and try to avoid crashes. 5 b% ]+ `' C; d* M$ p, ?% }9 m |
然后它会向附近的船只发送信息，这样他们就可以降低噪音水平，尽量避免碰撞。 & D0 P- @2 s5 h( B7 N, l
The buoys also contain sensors to measure water temperatures, oxygen levels and more to predict ocean health and the effects of climate change.
1 C/ y8 C# `2 C+ g% N. ]% [7 G) d 浮标还包含传感器，用来测量水温、氧气水平等，以预测海洋健康和气候变化的影响。
+ Z" d9 Z* ^; }. C& X9 i8 x. ?, A That information is expected to be used to help guide public environmental policies. ' R4 ~6 I h! W- G1 d
这些信息预计将被用来帮助指导公共环境政策。 / S' `! U% h" }. m1 n4 b3 _: ]
In the United States, scientists recently deployed a similar whale warning system off Americas west coast. 1 v/ `3 C1 U& g% h
在美国，科学家最近在美国西海岸部署了一个类似的鲸鱼预警系统。
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; S- w" s; y+ R4 X7 m5 D' `5 w1 ^+ V That system, called Whale Safe, also uses buoys to identify the presence of whales. ; }2 D) D: {7 w1 |1 ?' j8 v
这个被称为“鲸鱼安全”的系统也使用浮标来识别鲸鱼的存在。
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