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原标题:如何保护鲸鱼免受船只伤害,看看智利交出的答卷! 0 X6 u0 Z* w: a5 v, S0 ]
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A device floating in waters off the coast of southern Chile aims to collect data on nearby whales to protect them from passing ships. 0 L ?8 t! L. i0 ^" A2 W% ?: v
智利南部海岸附近水域漂浮着一个装置,该装置旨在收集附近鲸鱼的数据,以保护它们免受过往船只的伤害。 $ N# r4 C1 F" o5 ]

2 ?. H# e4 Y2 ^ The first electronic buoy was recently placed in the sea in the Gulf of Corcovado, about 1,100 kilometers from the capital, Santiago. 6 z1 B9 A5 ?/ n% p
第一个电子浮标最近被放置在距离智利首都圣地亚哥约1100公里的科尔科瓦多湾。
: ]$ `; p- O3 Q3 N9 K The device is designed to listen to the sounds whales make when they communicate with each other.
" W9 P, B X0 w9 R5 l7 y$ A0 ^ 该设备旨在监听鲸鱼相互交流时发出的声音。
) Z" o- b. B5 t The animals use sound to map their movements and to hunt. 8 o, D; S: d/ D5 @7 {9 T
这种动物使用声音来记录它们的行动图,并进行狩猎。 : o/ i$ }% K+ A; A
The sounds are processed by artificial intelligence (AI)-powered computer systems in an effort to identify where the animals are.
a t, Z2 ^! H 这些声音由人工智能(AI)驱动的计算机系统处理,以努力确定动物的位置。 1 l6 C) z; X, O3 x
This information is then sent to shipping operators to help them avoid crashing into whales.
$ N& I4 o: X( X" j( p( X 这些信息随后被发送给航运运营商,以帮助他们避免撞到鲸鱼。
* n9 i2 ]2 L p2 s$ Z3 [ A non-profit organization called the Blue Boat Initiative put the buoy in place. 7 q# o, `, ^5 S) R, [
该浮标由一个名为“蓝船倡议”的非营利组织安装。 5 B( N' W: M& ~5 Y# m
The group seeks to develop and deploy technology tools to provide a warning system for shipping companies. G) v/ X5 v% e. t
该组织寻求开发和部署技术工具,为航运公司提供预警系统。 % E( U. e* v; I8 a0 N8 U
In addition to helping protect whales, the "smart" buoy also collects data on the health of the ocean and the effects of climate change. # {% V1 \6 q! o* K- |
除了帮助保护鲸鱼,“智能”浮标还收集关于海洋健康和气候变化影响的数据。
! W: V+ k% @1 T9 Y: d$ k* a The group plans to place a series of buoys along the path whales take on trips from Antarctica to the equator. 6 t! [" w+ k. Z3 M1 |& O
该组织计划在鲸鱼从南极洲到赤道的路线上放置一系列浮标。
7 s! n$ H: A% K: k The Gulf of Corcovado is rich in sea life, including a large number of blue whales, as well as sei and Southern right whales. " y* j" ]& f2 r; a) Y
科尔科瓦多湾的海洋生物丰富,包括大量的蓝鲸,以及西鲸和南露脊鲸。
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All these whales are listed as endangered under the Endangered Species Act. . E Y6 [: k5 G0 C' |2 }
根据《濒危物种法》,所有这些鲸鱼都被列为濒危物种。
! w5 ?. ^4 x- U; M2 b$ J The areas whale population is largest during the summer season in the Southern Hemisphere. ! Z& w8 e9 C) V0 M3 V/ ]/ q7 W
该地区的鲸鱼数量在南半球的夏季是最多的。
* V3 z \% ?9 {1 F8 w0 U In 2008, Chile banned whaling activities, including whaling for scientific purposes. 9 x+ J7 D# d$ n) b
2008年,智利禁止捕鲸活动,包括用于科学目的捕鲸。 . i( i: ~- |- t/ ^4 N& f
The country has established a number of protected areas for whales and other endangered species.
9 ]! ?1 o4 [: W% e0 ]; Y 该国已经为鲸鱼和其他濒危物种建立了一些保护区。 4 C5 R+ A2 l) I6 |2 D+ \- D
"This is the beginning of a longer road," said Sonia Espanol, director of the Blue Boat Initiative. 2 }- x' Q: x7 f& ~+ ]' ^
“这是一条更漫长道路的开始,”蓝船倡议的负责人索尼娅·埃斯帕诺尔说。
/ M+ b( a8 w% ~0 P0 e4 x4 F7 W4 j She noted that her team plans to cover the gulf with at least six buoys. ) q9 R9 i9 B. t" n" t
她指出,她的团队计划用至少六个浮标覆盖整个海湾。
) D; x8 n' q) c "The idea is to be able to cover the entire migratory route of the whales from Antarctica to the equator," Espanol said.
& L: [% U. Q2 ?- o) K “我们的想法是能够覆盖鲸鱼从南极洲到赤道的整个迁徙路线。”埃斯帕诺尔说。
& b( Y$ `) n& S) h: T The buoy works by using software called Listening to the Deep Ocean Environment (LIDO). 2 D# \8 K' r4 d- D; a$ n
该浮标的工作原理是使用名为“倾听深海环境”(LIDO)的软件。
/ y9 u+ [ U- G9 {+ o& V- v The device continuously monitors ocean sounds.
4 }9 y: V; D% L' n: |' M 该设备持续监测海洋声音。
# b. r/ j$ d7 Z# f. p5 ~0 I It uses AI to identify the kind of whales and where they are in real time. ' u5 a: B' K% Z! |: c1 a3 p
它使用人工智能来实时识别鲸鱼的种类和位置。
* b2 G; ^2 R! V It then sends messages to nearby ships so they can reduce noise levels and try to avoid crashes. 0 o2 y! E ?/ d
然后它会向附近的船只发送信息,这样他们就可以降低噪音水平,尽量避免碰撞。
7 P& a k5 H1 ^ The buoys also contain sensors to measure water temperatures, oxygen levels and more to predict ocean health and the effects of climate change.
@0 a, k5 B \0 B. v 浮标还包含传感器,用来测量水温、氧气水平等,以预测海洋健康和气候变化的影响。
# y6 {* N- J! Q: W: c( E0 C, O$ R That information is expected to be used to help guide public environmental policies. 3 ^3 d) @, ^& N& [) f+ @& P0 u
这些信息预计将被用来帮助指导公共环境政策。 ) P+ w9 A0 p Z) z% N& ]) i* e
In the United States, scientists recently deployed a similar whale warning system off Americas west coast. + P" b; E0 z2 O5 ]* }8 }3 `
在美国,科学家最近在美国西海岸部署了一个类似的鲸鱼预警系统。 9 R% D8 W' s* W7 N, ^

9 ? U" J( u8 g* m; Y4 A6 n/ { That system, called Whale Safe, also uses buoys to identify the presence of whales.
' s( O! c( ?" y) M 这个被称为“鲸鱼安全”的系统也使用浮标来识别鲸鱼的存在。
1 A! S0 s; Q$ R) d' b' }. |, f 2022年第11期招生刚刚结束,部分班级还可以插班,详情请点击:招生简章|"一天一点"会员口语群2022年第11期招生最后1天!
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