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原标题:如何保护鲸鱼免受船只伤害,看看智利交出的答卷!
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A device floating in waters off the coast of southern Chile aims to collect data on nearby whales to protect them from passing ships.
0 b4 v! I/ ?1 I, G/ `# \6 a 智利南部海岸附近水域漂浮着一个装置,该装置旨在收集附近鲸鱼的数据,以保护它们免受过往船只的伤害。
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( }1 C4 x+ ]) O The first electronic buoy was recently placed in the sea in the Gulf of Corcovado, about 1,100 kilometers from the capital, Santiago. * z) e0 r4 i0 U/ T
第一个电子浮标最近被放置在距离智利首都圣地亚哥约1100公里的科尔科瓦多湾。
2 Y" P, s7 b, t: C The device is designed to listen to the sounds whales make when they communicate with each other. , T! `: d) ] ~: B; S% t4 F T0 r
该设备旨在监听鲸鱼相互交流时发出的声音。 9 p* j P. m7 @# o+ z/ i
The animals use sound to map their movements and to hunt. + a3 [! s% L, o
这种动物使用声音来记录它们的行动图,并进行狩猎。
. F, a7 Q7 _& J The sounds are processed by artificial intelligence (AI)-powered computer systems in an effort to identify where the animals are.
3 G7 X0 T- M* k1 Y& m 这些声音由人工智能(AI)驱动的计算机系统处理,以努力确定动物的位置。
1 ~) I5 `7 l$ x& m This information is then sent to shipping operators to help them avoid crashing into whales. 4 ]2 u9 N2 u3 }, J) \
这些信息随后被发送给航运运营商,以帮助他们避免撞到鲸鱼。 ) C% m* m! e6 y/ u. f* r7 O( h
A non-profit organization called the Blue Boat Initiative put the buoy in place.
- r9 p) f# y+ j. H1 z 该浮标由一个名为“蓝船倡议”的非营利组织安装。
, S ]; l; e; [7 T. U! D7 C The group seeks to develop and deploy technology tools to provide a warning system for shipping companies. + o" w' V" ]! x6 o
该组织寻求开发和部署技术工具,为航运公司提供预警系统。 ' R; e: t9 j3 ~/ G' x- p8 {
In addition to helping protect whales, the "smart" buoy also collects data on the health of the ocean and the effects of climate change.
' B* E* F; c2 D4 z6 q/ o 除了帮助保护鲸鱼,“智能”浮标还收集关于海洋健康和气候变化影响的数据。
[% i6 Y5 u4 {4 i6 E w0 | The group plans to place a series of buoys along the path whales take on trips from Antarctica to the equator.
P# _! X4 M/ ? 该组织计划在鲸鱼从南极洲到赤道的路线上放置一系列浮标。
( V4 h4 T! v: k; \3 @ The Gulf of Corcovado is rich in sea life, including a large number of blue whales, as well as sei and Southern right whales. 0 E# N( j* T) F/ _2 k% S$ p
科尔科瓦多湾的海洋生物丰富,包括大量的蓝鲸,以及西鲸和南露脊鲸。
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All these whales are listed as endangered under the Endangered Species Act.
- t# C S c" V% u) f 根据《濒危物种法》,所有这些鲸鱼都被列为濒危物种。 % `# x6 O# E7 F3 c
The areas whale population is largest during the summer season in the Southern Hemisphere.
; q* g \9 A7 X8 K 该地区的鲸鱼数量在南半球的夏季是最多的。 3 n, ~- N3 Y; e
In 2008, Chile banned whaling activities, including whaling for scientific purposes.
( X2 ?' ^6 t8 u6 ]# o6 d) }' N 2008年,智利禁止捕鲸活动,包括用于科学目的捕鲸。 1 a( {, \* f8 p# H
The country has established a number of protected areas for whales and other endangered species. # X+ c( Z- p L. F' O6 }
该国已经为鲸鱼和其他濒危物种建立了一些保护区。
! `1 O2 q& e! l* L" z0 r% O# G "This is the beginning of a longer road," said Sonia Espanol, director of the Blue Boat Initiative.
/ y: v3 J/ |; H: K% v* j “这是一条更漫长道路的开始,”蓝船倡议的负责人索尼娅·埃斯帕诺尔说。 ) }' Z1 K! X8 _( M# c
She noted that her team plans to cover the gulf with at least six buoys. ( ]7 K: ^$ e$ }* J0 o" i4 A
她指出,她的团队计划用至少六个浮标覆盖整个海湾。 ! [, U$ D3 l8 {: n( E# ~. B
"The idea is to be able to cover the entire migratory route of the whales from Antarctica to the equator," Espanol said.
. O2 R0 E5 I! `2 M “我们的想法是能够覆盖鲸鱼从南极洲到赤道的整个迁徙路线。”埃斯帕诺尔说。
4 F& c8 Y$ o# K+ }6 `. E The buoy works by using software called Listening to the Deep Ocean Environment (LIDO).
' {- L5 }$ t* Q2 W3 p 该浮标的工作原理是使用名为“倾听深海环境”(LIDO)的软件。
6 n9 _/ J5 d6 j. ], o% @ The device continuously monitors ocean sounds. 5 W* h& y6 J( S
该设备持续监测海洋声音。
" b$ ]) |7 B! _6 O; @( D It uses AI to identify the kind of whales and where they are in real time.
& K j" h$ Z9 {! f; S 它使用人工智能来实时识别鲸鱼的种类和位置。
% M4 J9 ^& H8 N+ f" Y7 ] It then sends messages to nearby ships so they can reduce noise levels and try to avoid crashes. : T2 o% Y0 |6 z0 L
然后它会向附近的船只发送信息,这样他们就可以降低噪音水平,尽量避免碰撞。 8 G7 u/ B* j* g! a
The buoys also contain sensors to measure water temperatures, oxygen levels and more to predict ocean health and the effects of climate change.
2 E+ ]( s% A& ?; \% ?+ G 浮标还包含传感器,用来测量水温、氧气水平等,以预测海洋健康和气候变化的影响。
& F1 \' Y! a6 s# C6 R8 \ That information is expected to be used to help guide public environmental policies.
& N1 [& l8 C( F0 c( V9 s7 }+ W1 V2 G 这些信息预计将被用来帮助指导公共环境政策。
9 m }8 J2 n1 s4 d2 w" S/ D& G+ @ In the United States, scientists recently deployed a similar whale warning system off Americas west coast. & a6 I$ \9 G7 [1 h- {
在美国,科学家最近在美国西海岸部署了一个类似的鲸鱼预警系统。
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That system, called Whale Safe, also uses buoys to identify the presence of whales.
! x9 X' p7 w# L- E) X5 N0 k 这个被称为“鲸鱼安全”的系统也使用浮标来识别鲸鱼的存在。 4 W4 E- O; J% q" K0 Z
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