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原标题:如何保护鲸鱼免受船只伤害,看看智利交出的答卷! 4 y+ b, X2 Y- q" O& g) r
) ]- a" d0 }. Y1 S3 z& c6 M# y 2022年第11期招生刚刚结束,部分班级还可以插班,详情请点击:招生简章|"一天一点"会员口语群2022年第11期招生最后1天! $ x7 ~% E8 y8 a' g
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A device floating in waters off the coast of southern Chile aims to collect data on nearby whales to protect them from passing ships.
& L* B& [1 p0 `6 l+ M% N. ] 智利南部海岸附近水域漂浮着一个装置,该装置旨在收集附近鲸鱼的数据,以保护它们免受过往船只的伤害。 " q n- g( F6 s! X ?
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The first electronic buoy was recently placed in the sea in the Gulf of Corcovado, about 1,100 kilometers from the capital, Santiago. ) i8 x4 G: W3 D9 l
第一个电子浮标最近被放置在距离智利首都圣地亚哥约1100公里的科尔科瓦多湾。
+ G( F2 p' j5 ]4 t! a/ |+ e. o8 I$ f The device is designed to listen to the sounds whales make when they communicate with each other.
) ?; t$ y. h# b( n# B 该设备旨在监听鲸鱼相互交流时发出的声音。
; u- H) m, e, K, F. ~# Y( ]" i The animals use sound to map their movements and to hunt.
9 S( X8 ?- s* l" {, L 这种动物使用声音来记录它们的行动图,并进行狩猎。 N5 Z5 ~% l2 ]3 s) G; |
The sounds are processed by artificial intelligence (AI)-powered computer systems in an effort to identify where the animals are. ) f* A0 u/ ~/ M q& H, x
这些声音由人工智能(AI)驱动的计算机系统处理,以努力确定动物的位置。
# F% u1 c% L8 D4 [# A$ F7 l/ [ This information is then sent to shipping operators to help them avoid crashing into whales.
3 G+ `6 U, q: F; l# L 这些信息随后被发送给航运运营商,以帮助他们避免撞到鲸鱼。
' q$ Q& d" v {5 x$ M M, E A non-profit organization called the Blue Boat Initiative put the buoy in place.
/ f9 D' I5 L3 h 该浮标由一个名为“蓝船倡议”的非营利组织安装。 & {- \% U( Y- O) h0 R% o
The group seeks to develop and deploy technology tools to provide a warning system for shipping companies.
, f; `3 E1 k6 L+ R) X 该组织寻求开发和部署技术工具,为航运公司提供预警系统。
. {4 [4 K$ u, ?: G* W In addition to helping protect whales, the "smart" buoy also collects data on the health of the ocean and the effects of climate change. 5 H1 G" ]# L7 X A; n0 I/ p
除了帮助保护鲸鱼,“智能”浮标还收集关于海洋健康和气候变化影响的数据。
6 g; H/ X9 K3 Q; X2 N8 I The group plans to place a series of buoys along the path whales take on trips from Antarctica to the equator. * Y, W$ H$ N |( w0 ?/ ]) z6 A. Y
该组织计划在鲸鱼从南极洲到赤道的路线上放置一系列浮标。 ) ^" g- U9 i J9 _6 Y
The Gulf of Corcovado is rich in sea life, including a large number of blue whales, as well as sei and Southern right whales.
) ~+ N1 K: g4 E0 J3 T 科尔科瓦多湾的海洋生物丰富,包括大量的蓝鲸,以及西鲸和南露脊鲸。 q3 a) i3 c. n

& E m8 j8 b) l! ^3 `% ? All these whales are listed as endangered under the Endangered Species Act. . h3 J k# l% y, N2 c1 w6 R7 S
根据《濒危物种法》,所有这些鲸鱼都被列为濒危物种。 4 g$ x% p: R0 m; T
The areas whale population is largest during the summer season in the Southern Hemisphere.
7 h! p4 r- q6 D5 _% j: N5 H g 该地区的鲸鱼数量在南半球的夏季是最多的。 2 ^8 M5 F8 C0 _( u# o
In 2008, Chile banned whaling activities, including whaling for scientific purposes.
, W9 _7 X' B' ?; o; { 2008年,智利禁止捕鲸活动,包括用于科学目的捕鲸。
+ `: Z7 @% ?: n1 R The country has established a number of protected areas for whales and other endangered species.
' D8 L9 L" B; N 该国已经为鲸鱼和其他濒危物种建立了一些保护区。 - U, Q }$ e0 Y5 i
"This is the beginning of a longer road," said Sonia Espanol, director of the Blue Boat Initiative. " H% R$ h/ [. o+ P$ b
“这是一条更漫长道路的开始,”蓝船倡议的负责人索尼娅·埃斯帕诺尔说。
1 }$ Q0 j7 R5 F$ y8 s. P0 F She noted that her team plans to cover the gulf with at least six buoys. 9 {8 o9 L9 \2 k+ n8 ]
她指出,她的团队计划用至少六个浮标覆盖整个海湾。
/ i; x5 x. N- B- b4 c+ N "The idea is to be able to cover the entire migratory route of the whales from Antarctica to the equator," Espanol said.
0 W8 p1 E4 I# y% R “我们的想法是能够覆盖鲸鱼从南极洲到赤道的整个迁徙路线。”埃斯帕诺尔说。
2 x V1 a* p( ?' P; p2 ?, R The buoy works by using software called Listening to the Deep Ocean Environment (LIDO).
4 z9 X4 h- P, D8 b M 该浮标的工作原理是使用名为“倾听深海环境”(LIDO)的软件。
; K5 h, R. Q3 ?3 B V+ U0 `5 c The device continuously monitors ocean sounds.
( z: ^* u2 U& h* e( N- d; I 该设备持续监测海洋声音。
' [8 I% m/ v5 x3 t: H It uses AI to identify the kind of whales and where they are in real time. 5 P5 c1 n) f$ v" r1 r
它使用人工智能来实时识别鲸鱼的种类和位置。 + L. O8 q1 H7 G. H- m
It then sends messages to nearby ships so they can reduce noise levels and try to avoid crashes. 1 n' j6 Q }% D ]0 n
然后它会向附近的船只发送信息,这样他们就可以降低噪音水平,尽量避免碰撞。 2 l$ f1 j$ D, P0 S1 B" \
The buoys also contain sensors to measure water temperatures, oxygen levels and more to predict ocean health and the effects of climate change.
; k* ]6 w% H x. g" Q. R! A 浮标还包含传感器,用来测量水温、氧气水平等,以预测海洋健康和气候变化的影响。 , q* x; a! h1 H% b8 @9 p6 z! u' k
That information is expected to be used to help guide public environmental policies. 2 U6 R4 \" S Y3 D
这些信息预计将被用来帮助指导公共环境政策。 / b$ z( A" N) A8 D$ Y
In the United States, scientists recently deployed a similar whale warning system off Americas west coast.
" O: u2 ?( w I 在美国,科学家最近在美国西海岸部署了一个类似的鲸鱼预警系统。 ' D1 d @. B" x; a* }) `
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That system, called Whale Safe, also uses buoys to identify the presence of whales. & \' g1 ?- G) F; R7 D
这个被称为“鲸鱼安全”的系统也使用浮标来识别鲸鱼的存在。
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