正参考的20分钟科学报告提纲:* B" b: J2 i/ d* k1 j4 Q" n/ A6 f# u
1. Title/author/affiliation (1 slide)- ^2 h; G! T# b. I
2. Forecast (1 slide): Give gist of problem attacked and insight found (What is the one idea you want people to leave with? This is the "abstract" of an oral presentation.)1 V+ s& S2 P( q' @! _& v" c# K& ~
3. Outline (1 slide): Give talk structure. Some speakers prefer to put this at the bottom of their title slide. (Audiences like predictability.)
* w3 f' f8 {4 A$ ~, C+ s/ X 4. Background N$ |/ A1 X$ y! m
4-1. Motivation and Problem Statement (1-2 slides):(Why should anyone care? Most researchers overestimate how much the audience knows about the problem they are attacking.)+ y. L& r# f2 m
4-2. Related Work (0-1 slides): Cover superficially or omit; refer people to your paper.5 ?# L: w7 W3 ~7 _$ s
4-3. Methods (1 slide): Cover quickly in short talks; refer people to your paper.9 R% L# E) `7 L0 m
5. Results (4-6 slides): Present key results and key insights. This is main body of the talk. Its internal structure varies greatly as a function of the researcher's contribution. (Do not superficially cover all results; cover key result well. Do not just present numbers; interpret them to give insights. Do not put up large tables of numbers.)
: o) G6 V) e3 k4 b& x 6. Summary (1 slide) v o- @. h+ e5 f, \8 e
7. Future Work (0-1 slides):Optionally give problems this research opens up.+ ~3 q4 |. s/ I: w! k: Y
8. Backup Slides (0-3 slides): Optionally have a few slides ready (not counted in your talk total) to answer expected questions. (Likely question areas: ideas glossed over, shortcomings of methods or results, and future work.) C3 [+ X f" G2 R F
; D; R, G2 T( _% P8 b8 H+ u简洁版: 1. Title/author/affiliation (1 slide)
: A: N2 y7 Y; i* I 2. Motivation (1 slide)
2 O" ~; M2 p2 z+ l1 C* j 3. Background (1 slide)
2 a9 o5 E l: c7 z, u% M 4. Hypothesis (1 slide)
9 f# L) v; q# T: G+ T, | 5. Results (8 slides)
7 Y- w5 V6 \( \& O8 X- S7 P* b 6. Conclusion (1 slide)
5 p- |7 l2 H U2 j- ]* A/ c 7. Future Work (1 slide). x+ }3 e, r6 T |& r. F
8. Acknowledgements (1slide)
& |7 `& u; d% N- a3 q6 w' \& R 9. Backup Slides) f7 h5 [- @7 p4 r
: s1 K9 s. Z. q! e+ e' h& O举个例子:
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( U2 `. r0 [! m0 m _* T. P(1)原则
6 m* P1 B% N3 @+ Z首先,引用 A PhD is not enough 中的话:0 ]" b1 M* r0 S& @
As the speaker you are putting on a one-man show. Your listeners are investigating an hour of their valuable time... They expect to hear a good story, with a beginning, a middle and an end...# p& c ~. Q# a6 H) A4 ^
... Never over-estimate your audience...
1 F$ g- Q7 @2 z) g2 ?$ F1 F1 Q3 p2 S# D是的,要讲一个“故事”,因为大家都喜欢听故事,无厘头在这里就不靠谱了。而且要尽量讲得简单易懂,化繁为简,林老师也说“如果学术报告能够让老妈也能听懂,就是成功”(据说是 Don Forsyth 的名言)。
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8 [1 `( u' U( p7 s6 x5 l, A(2)结构# |% s9 p8 n7 Y5 ~' r. w
我之前分享了一份20分钟科学演讲的提纲:, m7 ~6 n) M" r- r; |) V4 [7 u0 W
http://www.joyocean.org/viewthread.php?tid=1789&extra=page%3D1+ a6 K: b% S: G
以“讲故事”为目标,修改后的最终版本PPT的结构变成了:: U3 S: m- T8 Q1 a. @5 S3 e
1. Title/author/affiliation (1 slide)
7 f7 K- O! Q4 t% E 2. Motivation (1 slide)
6 }# V; v- P; ]+ y9 Q& r) _ 3. Background (1 slide)# D" E6 [* v1 X
4. Hypothesis (1 slide)5 r! O" O; F* C! X/ ^ P# W/ }
5. Results (8 slides)
$ l$ z& E2 C" S5 P/ j" w8 f/ b% H, M 6. Conclusion (1 slide)
, M3 y) t7 g3 ^; X( o B2 o 7. Future Work (1 slide)
0 x, u( I9 ]) V, u3 y8 x( D+ g4 s 8. Acknowledgements (1slide)
# c( r4 T& A8 E 9. Backup Slides$ N" T2 s+ O9 H9 c# g
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几点我觉得比较重要的改变包括:- w* o1 u. B# g0 h$ B/ c7 {
a. 删除 Forcast & Outline,这是为了更快的进入“故事”;其实所有与故事无关的都应当删去。
& T# H8 ?; N2 j R. Sb. 缩减 Background,删减后的这个部分只有一张slide,只包括“故事”中必须要用到的概念。' W* F# \; S6 V# n) I+ N; j! ]
c. 增加 Hypothesis,这个部分有点像文章的 Introduction,与最后的Conclusion对应,介绍这个研究的科学问题。6 Y! d2 X4 J g& c% J, n
d. 加大 Results 的份额,这个就不用多说了吧。“讲故事”就在这里。当然了,我发现真正在准备的时候还是很费时的,因为要注意顺序问题,怎样能一张一张有逻辑的将故事说圆了,让大家都没有疑惑。
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(3)讲故事
& `+ {4 _8 q0 m" C h% F) z也就是 Results 部分,也是报告真正的核心内容。与写文章不同的是,因为时间限制,细节问题不需要讨论;这样才能将重要的内容凸显出来。图多字少不用公式也是给短报告的一个原则。/ h5 ~, i2 e9 d* L1 r
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(4)风格
$ C i/ U5 N: K* h9 m8 m我的第一个版本的每一张 Slide 都包括了进度条和姓名时间,后来在林老师的建议下删掉了。这是因为要“努力使听众集中注意力听故事”。4 N* s4 e. H/ t4 c7 q; f8 x, ~
同样,制作 PPT 还有很多细节问题,有些关乎个人风格。目标当然是要显得“Professional”了。下面是林老师在帮我修改 PPT 时的一些建议,在这里与大家分享一下:
5 ]9 H& {" b$ t3 Ka. 字体: Aria narrow.
7 R' ~. f% c# i0 g9 D8 X 字体大小: title 32, subtitle 28 etc., not smaller than 18: P8 `9 D5 Q# ^$ N; \' R$ c) ?
b.深色底色加上浅色(比如白&黄色)的字
' R, Y# w3 z/ {7 [& qc. 不要过分展示别人的结果,专注于讲自己的故事。
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(5)画图: [% p- { E, N+ Q8 v
因为图片在报告的重要性,PPT 中的每一张图都要重新画过,推荐用 png 格式。我用 AI 将 pdf 转成 png 格式,同时要注意分辨率,字体大小的问题。下面链接是个很详细的说明:0 E5 q+ h0 S2 {* n3 l# B9 r0 d0 ~3 x
www.52ocean.cn% A/ X$ R+ D* E5 O w
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Ref:www.52ocean.cn- G+ V$ q' Q( L8 q
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