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6 M# j: k8 N" p' d2 V% q 文章发表于Ocean and Coastal Management 197 (2020) 105315 , s8 d) A6 a5 M' g! G* n
文章链接:
( V, D2 @! P( _" T$ c1 _* } https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0964569120302258
) N2 R# U6 `' S2 l$ O 文章标题: & s9 R( X; I- g, L& {" j( r+ {
Managing marine resources sustainably: A proposed integrated systems analysis approach
: ~& o$ i( q' Y4 q 图片来源网络(侵删)
- v* Q2 ?4 K- b7 t f 文章导读 ●● - [( M7 a* C2 i
海洋生态系统是一个复杂且高度可变的非生物和生物组成的系统,鉴于人类社会对资源和管理实践的广泛需求,人们需要对海洋进行可持续管理。为了实现可持续的海洋资源管理,人们需要了解海洋并且通过一个融合自然和人类因素的综合系统来对海洋的资源进行开发和利用。
* a) H( F! E0 l; v8 x" E 文章摘要 0 O2 s1 S% Q- t# }2 A A
海洋和港湾管理需要对相互作用、相互关联和相互依存的子系统有很好的理解,这些子系统包括生态、社会和管理的复杂性。可持续地管理这样一个复杂的系统依赖于知道哪些方面可以被管理,反之,也需要知道哪些方面是管理者无法控制的。因此,通过借鉴现有的环境管理方法,特别是欧洲和加拿大的环境管理方法,我们提出了一种综合系统分析方法,该方法将14个组成子系统联系起来。通过案例,我们发现尽管所有要素都存在,但迄今为止仍未被集成到一个整体决策支持系统中。这些组成部分在这里以三个部分为一个循环:(A)确定海洋面临的政策问题;(B)获得相关和适用的自然和社会科学数据和信息;(C)为涉及利益相关者的政策和决策提供投入。组成子系统是:(1)基础框架子系统,然后引出(2)问题子系统,问题子系统与愿景相关,包括了管理压力的来源和后果。(3)生态子系统将生物群及其环境与(4)社会生态子系统、(5)社会经济子系统联系起来,社会经济子系统考虑到了宏观经济方面。(6)资源和交付子系统考虑了研究学者们做了什么以及如何做,(7)来源子系统检查是否有符合目的的科学证据库。(8)治理子系统包括了政策和政治,横向和纵向地整合了(8A)立法和(8B)行政子系统 。(8C)通信和(8D)利益相关者子系统确保了利益相关者(正式和非正式参与者)的参与。最后,(9)成就子系统和(10)反馈子系统确保所有这些行动都能实现成功和可持续的海洋资源管理。 $ F M! a( n$ b! N, J8 ^) }
原文信息
7 M% }3 C* q$ p* R: c$ E6 D original paper info D- ?% n9 Q3 }8 {8 }; s
表1 在界定和设计综合海洋管理系统时需要解决的问题 1 L( @6 l/ T+ @. N- _# b6 M/ C
图1管理系统的基本原理 ! r1 O1 c/ J; @: n3 X
图2综合海洋管理系统的子系统(表示图1所示的三个部分(A、B和C))
& V8 e4 j- l' F2 e r3 _* L 图3 DAPSI(W)R(M)框架中每个元素的定量指标示例
. B; H- _! j/ b6 N$ _9 w 图4反应式管理策略 ' @& o5 n2 K3 |
图5 研究成果对管理措施实施的作用 1 k. m+ M. |# u! g; j* W" l
Abstract●● 6 G: P7 b; w+ Z1 a6 u
Marine and estuarine management requires an excellent understanding of the interacting, interrelated and interdependent sub-systems comprising ecological, societal and management complexity. Managing such a complex system sustainably relies on knowing what aspects can be managed, and conversely what aspects are outside the control of the manager. Accordingly, by taking elements from existing environmental management approaches, especially in Europe and Canada, here we propose an integrated systems analysis approach which links 14 component sub-systems. Using these cases shows that while all elements exist, they have hitherto not been combined into a holistic decision support system. These components are linked here in a cycle of three Parts - (A) defining the policy problems facing the seas, (B) obtaining the relevant and fit-for-purpose natural and social sciences data and information, and (C) creating an input for policy and decision-making which involves stakeholders. The component sub-systems are: an Underpinning Framework Sub-system (1), which then leads to the Issue Sub-system (2), which is vision-related and includes causes and/or consequences of pressures to be managed. The Ecological Sub-system (3) links the biota and its environment to the Socio-ecological Sub-system (4) and the Socio-economic subsystem (5), which considers the macroeconomic aspects. The Resources and Delivery Sub-system (6) considers which scientists do what and how do they do it and the Provenance Sub-system (7) checks that there is a fit-for-purpose and defendable science evidence base. The Governance Sub-system (8), incorporates policies and politics as well as horizontally and vertically integrating the Legislative (8A) and the Administrative Sub-systems (8B). The Communication (8C) and Stakeholder Sub-systems (8D) ensure involvement across the stakeholder typology (of formal and informal actors). Finally, the Achievement Sub-system (9) and the Feedback Sub-system (10) ensures that all of these actions achieve successful and sustainable marine resource management.
8 M6 p% ]0 [) f5 b Keywords: ' B, b' z- B' D+ o
Risk assessment; Marine management; Stressors; Governance; Stakeholders; DAPSI(W)R(M)
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张双红、王跑跑 - N) \$ j; j1 `6 u3 m* j# ~7 y U
上海海事大学 硕士在读
# m# Q3 r' K$ H7 k5 q' [ 研究方向:国际海事发展治理 7 a* x" B, V$ A1 _
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