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3 G5 b. n3 s' U# o- B M0 s 原标题：如何保护鲸鱼免受船只伤害，看看智利交出的答卷！ - \' M* }, f s; k C3 }6 N3 c' z
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2 ~$ h4 Q# X$ \- } r A device floating in waters off the coast of southern Chile aims to collect data on nearby whales to protect them from passing ships.
: X) z' }9 d) k# }$ f5 ^9 h7 N 智利南部海岸附近水域漂浮着一个装置，该装置旨在收集附近鲸鱼的数据，以保护它们免受过往船只的伤害。 ! V, X3 Z- O7 ~5 I- Z2 S0 J
% J* {2 P3 w% v The first electronic buoy was recently placed in the sea in the Gulf of Corcovado, about 1,100 kilometers from the capital, Santiago. $ ^) E0 W: f, n" P
第一个电子浮标最近被放置在距离智利首都圣地亚哥约1100公里的科尔科瓦多湾。 6 _- N1 F% \' D4 V+ P
The device is designed to listen to the sounds whales make when they communicate with each other.
! l9 |. d. l" p: B/ Q1 s; k7 w 该设备旨在监听鲸鱼相互交流时发出的声音。 # q; ~; Y2 V6 W/ Q
The animals use sound to map their movements and to hunt. 2 l. p$ U% Y6 _
这种动物使用声音来记录它们的行动图，并进行狩猎。 ( h2 O0 N* `0 m( Y, v
The sounds are processed by artificial intelligence (AI)-powered computer systems in an effort to identify where the animals are.
0 K% q% u0 s6 F; M 这些声音由人工智能(AI)驱动的计算机系统处理，以努力确定动物的位置。
3 @$ q6 B$ N" F& n" {0 t6 E This information is then sent to shipping operators to help them avoid crashing into whales.
) v) o {/ a' [6 F( v 这些信息随后被发送给航运运营商，以帮助他们避免撞到鲸鱼。 ' |( `6 j: T7 ~
A non-profit organization called the Blue Boat Initiative put the buoy in place. , q6 w- L- W8 S9 O6 Q: t4 ?; f
该浮标由一个名为“蓝船倡议”的非营利组织安装。 - t8 x& `$ a. M: u5 w8 O
The group seeks to develop and deploy technology tools to provide a warning system for shipping companies.
+ g0 n9 o- J* \* J) B! C 该组织寻求开发和部署技术工具，为航运公司提供预警系统。
* k5 n7 N; y; s, _ n9 x9 U! f In addition to helping protect whales, the "smart" buoy also collects data on the health of the ocean and the effects of climate change. * M7 c& G- k; J! ~/ S; w# R. U
除了帮助保护鲸鱼，“智能”浮标还收集关于海洋健康和气候变化影响的数据。 7 V/ n! @8 D* A
The group plans to place a series of buoys along the path whales take on trips from Antarctica to the equator.
9 k; q4 ]1 N* _9 U& T 该组织计划在鲸鱼从南极洲到赤道的路线上放置一系列浮标。 0 r8 v" M) {! [3 T1 E, a0 K. L( d
The Gulf of Corcovado is rich in sea life, including a large number of blue whales, as well as sei and Southern right whales. . B/ v" G2 h( h- }
科尔科瓦多湾的海洋生物丰富，包括大量的蓝鲸，以及西鲸和南露脊鲸。 5 {! t" O) K4 R
# m( C% o& ^( W3 R All these whales are listed as endangered under the Endangered Species Act. ; w! d9 K, l& g* o9 ~9 Y
根据《濒危物种法》，所有这些鲸鱼都被列为濒危物种。 . L9 e$ ]4 K F2 R( |' u
The areas whale population is largest during the summer season in the Southern Hemisphere.
( J* W. Q9 h& F5 k$ c 该地区的鲸鱼数量在南半球的夏季是最多的。 / |8 e* f" w% R/ ^7 m* m$ B- ?
In 2008, Chile banned whaling activities, including whaling for scientific purposes. 4 ?; W) V; {- a1 O$ w
2008年，智利禁止捕鲸活动，包括用于科学目的捕鲸。
8 ?) Q8 o! f/ J+ h+ J5 k The country has established a number of protected areas for whales and other endangered species. 0 p, B* _" n9 |7 n( }2 K5 z
该国已经为鲸鱼和其他濒危物种建立了一些保护区。 9 Y6 w0 l( K# \, p8 c& z
"This is the beginning of a longer road," said Sonia Espanol, director of the Blue Boat Initiative. " N+ s: s$ d( p7 B0 R- S
“这是一条更漫长道路的开始，”蓝船倡议的负责人索尼娅·埃斯帕诺尔说。 , b8 P2 U+ @5 u! p7 O- \: h u
She noted that her team plans to cover the gulf with at least six buoys. 0 l" N% X) @% _
她指出，她的团队计划用至少六个浮标覆盖整个海湾。
! o, L8 c" d! m& ]8 A; g! E: i4 F "The idea is to be able to cover the entire migratory route of the whales from Antarctica to the equator," Espanol said.
8 t& C, D# w2 Y “我们的想法是能够覆盖鲸鱼从南极洲到赤道的整个迁徙路线。”埃斯帕诺尔说。 7 u% o! f2 h9 p2 V) q' c+ {, U7 M
The buoy works by using software called Listening to the Deep Ocean Environment (LIDO).
. f. a( c+ ~* ]% j# l 该浮标的工作原理是使用名为“倾听深海环境”(LIDO)的软件。 7 Q0 c2 [, x2 ]$ h: Y
The device continuously monitors ocean sounds. 7 U# j5 G) E7 S8 q, c' T( h
该设备持续监测海洋声音。 ) a( x: e/ x) N0 z! \, l# K5 q0 f
It uses AI to identify the kind of whales and where they are in real time. ! f, U0 b: u: z* l! n
它使用人工智能来实时识别鲸鱼的种类和位置。
# g+ c# k2 X$ R& P: P It then sends messages to nearby ships so they can reduce noise levels and try to avoid crashes.
, E' r6 A) Q I' h+ S% _ 然后它会向附近的船只发送信息，这样他们就可以降低噪音水平，尽量避免碰撞。
2 M7 p2 ~% x6 D2 E0 v. F- ]* E The buoys also contain sensors to measure water temperatures, oxygen levels and more to predict ocean health and the effects of climate change. . t/ D0 b. R% }3 g% m
浮标还包含传感器，用来测量水温、氧气水平等，以预测海洋健康和气候变化的影响。
4 j Z. x* }7 @+ H That information is expected to be used to help guide public environmental policies. / T4 F+ L; h* D, i
这些信息预计将被用来帮助指导公共环境政策。
1 \: |5 T, l& F In the United States, scientists recently deployed a similar whale warning system off Americas west coast. 8 V4 E7 T% K% b$ ]
在美国，科学家最近在美国西海岸部署了一个类似的鲸鱼预警系统。 4 d3 y$ f( U( v3 a! R8 l; p
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That system, called Whale Safe, also uses buoys to identify the presence of whales. 7 B/ r: I9 \) _) N( Q
这个被称为“鲸鱼安全”的系统也使用浮标来识别鲸鱼的存在。
$ f2 B8 d# L3 J4 M; m- w$ H) P$ E: c 2022年第11期招生刚刚结束，部分班级还可以插班，详情请点击：招生简章｜"一天一点"会员口语群2022年第11期招生最后1天！ . f' g t1 X2 r; [9 U1 q4 K% j
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