4 x5 ^; L4 T; ~9 h' y3 | 原标题:如何保护鲸鱼免受船只伤害,看看智利交出的答卷!
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" j# u8 I. J& ~7 [ A device floating in waters off the coast of southern Chile aims to collect data on nearby whales to protect them from passing ships. # k* V) h/ F7 g- w
智利南部海岸附近水域漂浮着一个装置,该装置旨在收集附近鲸鱼的数据,以保护它们免受过往船只的伤害。
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The first electronic buoy was recently placed in the sea in the Gulf of Corcovado, about 1,100 kilometers from the capital, Santiago. 6 p" A! H+ o5 q- O0 K5 y) L
第一个电子浮标最近被放置在距离智利首都圣地亚哥约1100公里的科尔科瓦多湾。
0 p: Q2 _, l- @) W2 q! o The device is designed to listen to the sounds whales make when they communicate with each other. 5 n0 c* o8 h' |7 Q8 ?1 U$ Z; i! ]. p
该设备旨在监听鲸鱼相互交流时发出的声音。 : Y; z, `: j0 R7 V0 O- O
The animals use sound to map their movements and to hunt.
$ a- [( q+ j5 j; `% L$ c6 b 这种动物使用声音来记录它们的行动图,并进行狩猎。 ( c- J# b& v0 V" k
The sounds are processed by artificial intelligence (AI)-powered computer systems in an effort to identify where the animals are. 2 @; c/ c" l2 c4 C0 A& ]2 b
这些声音由人工智能(AI)驱动的计算机系统处理,以努力确定动物的位置。
[9 b9 C% \+ T2 s% @& Z; J8 U L This information is then sent to shipping operators to help them avoid crashing into whales. 0 l( w6 t; h. T- O) Q1 U
这些信息随后被发送给航运运营商,以帮助他们避免撞到鲸鱼。
* V+ G; P1 V* f2 G1 M% F A non-profit organization called the Blue Boat Initiative put the buoy in place.
, y9 U S; _. t% T: ]& F 该浮标由一个名为“蓝船倡议”的非营利组织安装。 2 ~8 C% c. b, d0 i/ @8 {; M
The group seeks to develop and deploy technology tools to provide a warning system for shipping companies.
$ h0 e1 x" a' J 该组织寻求开发和部署技术工具,为航运公司提供预警系统。
6 i& ] m7 M' e' y" K* { In addition to helping protect whales, the "smart" buoy also collects data on the health of the ocean and the effects of climate change. . y- ]5 i% b: Z5 t) y9 L5 c+ \! b" ]/ i9 @
除了帮助保护鲸鱼,“智能”浮标还收集关于海洋健康和气候变化影响的数据。
* T2 G8 o% t: Q7 I2 r1 b The group plans to place a series of buoys along the path whales take on trips from Antarctica to the equator.
' M! ?) g0 Q0 f) a5 r 该组织计划在鲸鱼从南极洲到赤道的路线上放置一系列浮标。 / w2 K8 f& k0 Z* A
The Gulf of Corcovado is rich in sea life, including a large number of blue whales, as well as sei and Southern right whales.
9 ^# K, `2 U! i 科尔科瓦多湾的海洋生物丰富,包括大量的蓝鲸,以及西鲸和南露脊鲸。 ; V% B9 `) R$ i
{6 k# R4 k* s0 _0 |' ]! S* |" T All these whales are listed as endangered under the Endangered Species Act.
2 ]5 w# v- c) z. q* {: x 根据《濒危物种法》,所有这些鲸鱼都被列为濒危物种。 2 ~: I- K9 _1 |9 L( T
The areas whale population is largest during the summer season in the Southern Hemisphere. 8 ?, g& d7 i5 O" S
该地区的鲸鱼数量在南半球的夏季是最多的。 " j9 v6 x' w3 e5 X+ o
In 2008, Chile banned whaling activities, including whaling for scientific purposes.
& Q8 {0 n. @/ `6 v/ d) ] 2008年,智利禁止捕鲸活动,包括用于科学目的捕鲸。 ' v1 }; z- }& l( M$ v) I* c
The country has established a number of protected areas for whales and other endangered species. , ^/ B' X7 n- r$ b! @" O* W
该国已经为鲸鱼和其他濒危物种建立了一些保护区。
) c4 L, {- W6 e7 \1 R2 Q7 d5 j "This is the beginning of a longer road," said Sonia Espanol, director of the Blue Boat Initiative.
' _& q5 S9 J2 }; q6 e' ?- F3 H' X* N1 [ “这是一条更漫长道路的开始,”蓝船倡议的负责人索尼娅·埃斯帕诺尔说。
6 Q; d& V+ h8 @' K& E She noted that her team plans to cover the gulf with at least six buoys.
! V4 |; K0 [: d% o9 y- r 她指出,她的团队计划用至少六个浮标覆盖整个海湾。
* J- B$ I# A4 A: I/ W" Q "The idea is to be able to cover the entire migratory route of the whales from Antarctica to the equator," Espanol said.
8 n! t2 R1 t7 N/ H' V% S “我们的想法是能够覆盖鲸鱼从南极洲到赤道的整个迁徙路线。”埃斯帕诺尔说。
$ b; q( N. T2 U& e9 D$ V& Y The buoy works by using software called Listening to the Deep Ocean Environment (LIDO).
* U- M9 I3 Q* C: m4 e4 c- Y 该浮标的工作原理是使用名为“倾听深海环境”(LIDO)的软件。 " q P, K) ]2 D# `8 e$ X: L
The device continuously monitors ocean sounds. # v" | i& T4 a# y7 c2 r
该设备持续监测海洋声音。
8 ?6 J7 D) u7 l6 r6 R. ~ It uses AI to identify the kind of whales and where they are in real time. 1 l; j6 E+ `! B) Y1 M3 s
它使用人工智能来实时识别鲸鱼的种类和位置。 * j. Y$ E* o3 `) k8 j
It then sends messages to nearby ships so they can reduce noise levels and try to avoid crashes.
9 m0 v1 s0 S4 | 然后它会向附近的船只发送信息,这样他们就可以降低噪音水平,尽量避免碰撞。
+ M2 w( I7 [1 I% A* W7 o$ I- Z# F1 I The buoys also contain sensors to measure water temperatures, oxygen levels and more to predict ocean health and the effects of climate change. * z7 Z( j0 Q$ K9 h. |* R8 X: x
浮标还包含传感器,用来测量水温、氧气水平等,以预测海洋健康和气候变化的影响。
2 K& p3 I+ f! _/ X% r# b; T That information is expected to be used to help guide public environmental policies.
( p6 B0 O) q+ o' ?! e5 r+ U 这些信息预计将被用来帮助指导公共环境政策。 " c2 _6 H: ~$ {
In the United States, scientists recently deployed a similar whale warning system off Americas west coast. % f' v+ q: u) ]" C2 N3 k. K
在美国,科学家最近在美国西海岸部署了一个类似的鲸鱼预警系统。 5 _2 X, y7 O5 H$ p% j' S: B
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That system, called Whale Safe, also uses buoys to identify the presence of whales. ! K: \3 X" X- A+ m; @
这个被称为“鲸鱼安全”的系统也使用浮标来识别鲸鱼的存在。
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