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原标题：如何保护鲸鱼免受船只伤害，看看智利交出的答卷！
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2022年第11期招生刚刚结束，部分班级还可以插班，详情请点击：招生简章｜"一天一点"会员口语群2022年第11期招生最后1天！
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' e. N& B' T# ?+ ~ A device floating in waters off the coast of southern Chile aims to collect data on nearby whales to protect them from passing ships. 6 M6 v0 l% Q+ B
智利南部海岸附近水域漂浮着一个装置，该装置旨在收集附近鲸鱼的数据，以保护它们免受过往船只的伤害。
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0 |6 ]: \% `* G3 u M# F& L The first electronic buoy was recently placed in the sea in the Gulf of Corcovado, about 1,100 kilometers from the capital, Santiago. & B; S/ P$ w0 \$ W% L! _) {
第一个电子浮标最近被放置在距离智利首都圣地亚哥约1100公里的科尔科瓦多湾。
" H7 p' b0 V) T: O. L: o The device is designed to listen to the sounds whales make when they communicate with each other. % f; m7 b5 c$ i+ \5 @/ s
该设备旨在监听鲸鱼相互交流时发出的声音。
( E, _- L: s L7 [ The animals use sound to map their movements and to hunt.
! e/ t& l( O7 p3 u% a+ r V Y/ j 这种动物使用声音来记录它们的行动图，并进行狩猎。
' _$ W- S& p6 L The sounds are processed by artificial intelligence (AI)-powered computer systems in an effort to identify where the animals are.
; h, z4 A1 N3 o1 G 这些声音由人工智能(AI)驱动的计算机系统处理，以努力确定动物的位置。 + e. ]) L! A% d2 o
This information is then sent to shipping operators to help them avoid crashing into whales.
% z( f5 ~5 X( z6 v: w" S' }7 M 这些信息随后被发送给航运运营商，以帮助他们避免撞到鲸鱼。
; U' n, j1 P/ V A non-profit organization called the Blue Boat Initiative put the buoy in place. 8 i+ s% F6 v6 p3 j$ g7 E" Y, e
该浮标由一个名为“蓝船倡议”的非营利组织安装。 $ u4 Z9 n' e; J. J6 l/ R
The group seeks to develop and deploy technology tools to provide a warning system for shipping companies.
* i1 |5 _: ?/ A* M 该组织寻求开发和部署技术工具，为航运公司提供预警系统。 8 P1 u0 ^/ c' H
In addition to helping protect whales, the "smart" buoy also collects data on the health of the ocean and the effects of climate change.
( ~4 D y' b/ M/ L$ P, C" A. \6 ] 除了帮助保护鲸鱼，“智能”浮标还收集关于海洋健康和气候变化影响的数据。 6 [- W' E4 @5 p& H" P! L
The group plans to place a series of buoys along the path whales take on trips from Antarctica to the equator. / s" ~$ _; S, K$ y
该组织计划在鲸鱼从南极洲到赤道的路线上放置一系列浮标。
& {: \+ Y3 D- L b G8 `# u The Gulf of Corcovado is rich in sea life, including a large number of blue whales, as well as sei and Southern right whales. " d+ Z. C2 V" C% b. d5 Y
科尔科瓦多湾的海洋生物丰富，包括大量的蓝鲸，以及西鲸和南露脊鲸。
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All these whales are listed as endangered under the Endangered Species Act. - K7 N: ?7 F+ \
根据《濒危物种法》，所有这些鲸鱼都被列为濒危物种。 $ ^1 R6 [% a- \ Y$ g
The areas whale population is largest during the summer season in the Southern Hemisphere.
) @' w8 F7 g# X! @ 该地区的鲸鱼数量在南半球的夏季是最多的。 " e8 d/ _- c% x( R' J4 S: G
In 2008, Chile banned whaling activities, including whaling for scientific purposes. 8 Z0 i: @. u" W
2008年，智利禁止捕鲸活动，包括用于科学目的捕鲸。
1 v0 Z+ R' ?+ j! s& `* d The country has established a number of protected areas for whales and other endangered species. 1 f& ~& R0 v, g3 n8 V8 ~7 w
该国已经为鲸鱼和其他濒危物种建立了一些保护区。
, H- R3 n4 N: q5 K0 S Z5 y V "This is the beginning of a longer road," said Sonia Espanol, director of the Blue Boat Initiative. * p6 N1 J( _6 g5 J
“这是一条更漫长道路的开始，”蓝船倡议的负责人索尼娅·埃斯帕诺尔说。 1 ]3 j& i2 b4 r8 a( K/ n
She noted that her team plans to cover the gulf with at least six buoys. 6 M8 Y# z) R1 X4 q
她指出，她的团队计划用至少六个浮标覆盖整个海湾。
5 X* Y6 t( ? j, L6 m" r "The idea is to be able to cover the entire migratory route of the whales from Antarctica to the equator," Espanol said.
7 g$ f4 p0 A |9 {0 x) ]$ }! _ “我们的想法是能够覆盖鲸鱼从南极洲到赤道的整个迁徙路线。”埃斯帕诺尔说。 1 q2 G- R# F7 \. o+ `0 K
The buoy works by using software called Listening to the Deep Ocean Environment (LIDO). 1 u; r R" Q: E3 L: N" |
该浮标的工作原理是使用名为“倾听深海环境”(LIDO)的软件。
' Y+ k: C( z ]! T The device continuously monitors ocean sounds. ( g" V$ w1 {2 u% g) p5 L
该设备持续监测海洋声音。 ' d" r3 z7 b( C
It uses AI to identify the kind of whales and where they are in real time. 7 Y2 } r9 P+ K
它使用人工智能来实时识别鲸鱼的种类和位置。
) f3 t" d$ S2 y It then sends messages to nearby ships so they can reduce noise levels and try to avoid crashes. 0 D; A. o8 _; p( z) a9 s0 L9 P
然后它会向附近的船只发送信息，这样他们就可以降低噪音水平，尽量避免碰撞。 8 I" ]7 e6 W. l' c: {( [' R! d8 ]# p* `
The buoys also contain sensors to measure water temperatures, oxygen levels and more to predict ocean health and the effects of climate change. : Q, g1 e3 h+ R
浮标还包含传感器，用来测量水温、氧气水平等，以预测海洋健康和气候变化的影响。
, \) m' O4 \4 L5 }1 r That information is expected to be used to help guide public environmental policies.
( s0 V, \$ ^1 g* J7 S 这些信息预计将被用来帮助指导公共环境政策。 / B( `& B0 d$ h; I
In the United States, scientists recently deployed a similar whale warning system off Americas west coast.
$ @% K7 L0 Z6 P6 H' _- N 在美国，科学家最近在美国西海岸部署了一个类似的鲸鱼预警系统。
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That system, called Whale Safe, also uses buoys to identify the presence of whales.
/ v! ]8 v/ ]) g7 \, u* v" _5 V 这个被称为“鲸鱼安全”的系统也使用浮标来识别鲸鱼的存在。
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