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$ q1 E; a+ S( j' D8 W, y; u, |0 c 原标题:如何保护鲸鱼免受船只伤害,看看智利交出的答卷!
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. V7 ]5 D) |7 `, M/ k. V+ t' w7 A- L A device floating in waters off the coast of southern Chile aims to collect data on nearby whales to protect them from passing ships. / j" w* Y2 N4 x2 R0 W" h
智利南部海岸附近水域漂浮着一个装置,该装置旨在收集附近鲸鱼的数据,以保护它们免受过往船只的伤害。
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The first electronic buoy was recently placed in the sea in the Gulf of Corcovado, about 1,100 kilometers from the capital, Santiago. ; X3 K6 W6 ]) y/ [4 m: V1 X/ L
第一个电子浮标最近被放置在距离智利首都圣地亚哥约1100公里的科尔科瓦多湾。 ) r. ?! j* Y4 i/ p
The device is designed to listen to the sounds whales make when they communicate with each other. : e* m0 o+ c( `- R6 n/ Q; l
该设备旨在监听鲸鱼相互交流时发出的声音。
7 S" T6 r: h7 O. G The animals use sound to map their movements and to hunt.
0 O2 Y: x2 q Z0 N 这种动物使用声音来记录它们的行动图,并进行狩猎。
: [( ^' w( X% {* p The sounds are processed by artificial intelligence (AI)-powered computer systems in an effort to identify where the animals are. $ a9 U' ~. N6 k. [/ `& \
这些声音由人工智能(AI)驱动的计算机系统处理,以努力确定动物的位置。
1 f$ A" \" K2 x+ ? This information is then sent to shipping operators to help them avoid crashing into whales.
7 z3 y' t* g( {8 U5 D* g6 C 这些信息随后被发送给航运运营商,以帮助他们避免撞到鲸鱼。 ) z: ]: i0 [; D! T7 i3 }7 R
A non-profit organization called the Blue Boat Initiative put the buoy in place.
" B! w9 D D3 b8 v4 y 该浮标由一个名为“蓝船倡议”的非营利组织安装。 * Z! L/ {+ K8 n- H
The group seeks to develop and deploy technology tools to provide a warning system for shipping companies.
6 b+ V+ U( ~% W& u% O 该组织寻求开发和部署技术工具,为航运公司提供预警系统。
x2 i; a! u3 p( z# U In addition to helping protect whales, the "smart" buoy also collects data on the health of the ocean and the effects of climate change. / Y. i) W+ E d- G# ~0 z; O
除了帮助保护鲸鱼,“智能”浮标还收集关于海洋健康和气候变化影响的数据。 8 o# _$ \* Q, ~6 L$ y
The group plans to place a series of buoys along the path whales take on trips from Antarctica to the equator.
3 G. M% I3 i9 y8 r 该组织计划在鲸鱼从南极洲到赤道的路线上放置一系列浮标。
0 f, \1 x* V) L" ]' n. z, \ The Gulf of Corcovado is rich in sea life, including a large number of blue whales, as well as sei and Southern right whales. & P5 A& }4 X; [" a$ i
科尔科瓦多湾的海洋生物丰富,包括大量的蓝鲸,以及西鲸和南露脊鲸。
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All these whales are listed as endangered under the Endangered Species Act. & H0 t6 L; M3 O+ H3 I: r
根据《濒危物种法》,所有这些鲸鱼都被列为濒危物种。 / d, H! s [1 J ?+ [1 s
The areas whale population is largest during the summer season in the Southern Hemisphere. 7 e5 _: s7 L9 S' v7 t6 p) P. f$ W
该地区的鲸鱼数量在南半球的夏季是最多的。 + d H5 u( R2 ~2 T: V/ J0 e
In 2008, Chile banned whaling activities, including whaling for scientific purposes.
* W9 ^9 O- L6 q' v" E, d! D# n 2008年,智利禁止捕鲸活动,包括用于科学目的捕鲸。 + r7 [) F7 ]8 \8 o$ k: f
The country has established a number of protected areas for whales and other endangered species.
& A& O3 {$ V) j! b3 g. [+ @ 该国已经为鲸鱼和其他濒危物种建立了一些保护区。
7 G4 [4 A. N5 |9 l7 o9 i$ Y: I9 ~ "This is the beginning of a longer road," said Sonia Espanol, director of the Blue Boat Initiative. , ^0 H* T+ I- ?( J$ `9 L& w
“这是一条更漫长道路的开始,”蓝船倡议的负责人索尼娅·埃斯帕诺尔说。
' g( S% t0 p( s, {( @3 f She noted that her team plans to cover the gulf with at least six buoys.
5 B: K$ ]( Q7 y* l0 { 她指出,她的团队计划用至少六个浮标覆盖整个海湾。 ! e. k, r- V# J2 e$ P; A
"The idea is to be able to cover the entire migratory route of the whales from Antarctica to the equator," Espanol said.
( k; q- a8 i7 i “我们的想法是能够覆盖鲸鱼从南极洲到赤道的整个迁徙路线。”埃斯帕诺尔说。 & J$ v5 i% T, ~) P7 k: E
The buoy works by using software called Listening to the Deep Ocean Environment (LIDO).
5 ?6 V* z ^8 _& b2 e" c 该浮标的工作原理是使用名为“倾听深海环境”(LIDO)的软件。
. x$ x& w1 D2 ~: Q- g+ i( s9 g The device continuously monitors ocean sounds.
6 F2 \+ \( o% k9 ]9 \+ f 该设备持续监测海洋声音。
( b1 _; x+ v! I2 H( ~$ C/ u3 k0 j It uses AI to identify the kind of whales and where they are in real time.
7 }% p3 y0 s8 H7 @ 它使用人工智能来实时识别鲸鱼的种类和位置。
( {: l8 i3 C$ q* X. ` It then sends messages to nearby ships so they can reduce noise levels and try to avoid crashes.
: T- J' V5 t; K# p- l0 Z0 K 然后它会向附近的船只发送信息,这样他们就可以降低噪音水平,尽量避免碰撞。
. L) i. z6 C7 c8 X& E0 t* g+ D The buoys also contain sensors to measure water temperatures, oxygen levels and more to predict ocean health and the effects of climate change.
/ L; `' [/ ]& K* B+ h' T7 s# ` 浮标还包含传感器,用来测量水温、氧气水平等,以预测海洋健康和气候变化的影响。 . p6 }( J) e5 g: y% s0 `5 U* q% m
That information is expected to be used to help guide public environmental policies. 5 F/ t% b2 G0 v" g; j
这些信息预计将被用来帮助指导公共环境政策。 . q3 J0 e$ p- j" O9 K
In the United States, scientists recently deployed a similar whale warning system off Americas west coast.
6 ?6 G; w* `& V8 V3 t0 P3 D 在美国,科学家最近在美国西海岸部署了一个类似的鲸鱼预警系统。 $ W. z( ~7 l7 \0 e% o

6 K0 A9 w& a. a5 w, p6 Z That system, called Whale Safe, also uses buoys to identify the presence of whales. 6 j' Z% F2 C. \+ Z9 \. @
这个被称为“鲸鱼安全”的系统也使用浮标来识别鲸鱼的存在。 6 S6 c: G" M3 X+ k$ v6 w+ P9 b6 d
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