正参考的20分钟科学报告提纲:
: a8 y$ J2 F3 e" \- Z- c) x# L; | 1. Title/author/affiliation (1 slide)
! G7 f) e2 s% e e' S: a 2. Forecast (1 slide): Give gist of problem attacked and insight found (What is the one idea you want people to leave with? This is the "abstract" of an oral presentation.)
* I4 V$ ]. g; X' Y- L 3. Outline (1 slide): Give talk structure. Some speakers prefer to put this at the bottom of their title slide. (Audiences like predictability.)
7 f1 @. N& ]% D5 s 4. Background; Z8 Y8 ]8 d3 C
4-1. Motivation and Problem Statement (1-2 slides):(Why should anyone care? Most researchers overestimate how much the audience knows about the problem they are attacking.)" x! ^, `+ m% x$ [( k2 m( ^
4-2. Related Work (0-1 slides): Cover superficially or omit; refer people to your paper.( \3 M/ d$ ?3 H
4-3. Methods (1 slide): Cover quickly in short talks; refer people to your paper.
& ?: [4 r3 ]$ s# B* V X1 | 5. Results (4-6 slides): Present key results and key insights. This is main body of the talk. Its internal structure varies greatly as a function of the researcher's contribution. (Do not superficially cover all results; cover key result well. Do not just present numbers; interpret them to give insights. Do not put up large tables of numbers.)! q9 J/ {% g. V1 b" _* W
6. Summary (1 slide)& y0 V' ]" Q+ M- o# ~
7. Future Work (0-1 slides):Optionally give problems this research opens up.
( w3 b, Y3 e& b9 d; I 8. Backup Slides (0-3 slides): Optionally have a few slides ready (not counted in your talk total) to answer expected questions. (Likely question areas: ideas glossed over, shortcomings of methods or results, and future work.), ?( L9 `4 l; T
0 Z# b/ ^( h; U2 T简洁版: 1. Title/author/affiliation (1 slide)+ B3 I* G' N4 Y
2. Motivation (1 slide)4 E, X7 U9 B/ S8 d+ H
3. Background (1 slide)/ `- P" b# d2 p4 K) |
4. Hypothesis (1 slide)0 ?4 g# g$ w) B
5. Results (8 slides)1 E1 p, u m+ r& R
6. Conclusion (1 slide)9 [% t+ y6 y! q
7. Future Work (1 slide)
+ e* u+ }% l [$ ]1 P' O& C 8. Acknowledgements (1slide)
3 {% e k. e. C! l+ ? 9. Backup Slides' o' m/ h3 Q8 n2 C. C; \% Z
2 `6 u6 T/ V H2 v: A7 [举个例子:
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(1)原则
) r9 U! u0 t& C首先,引用 A PhD is not enough 中的话:
3 @" [& V( b) P) {) ]' vAs the speaker you are putting on a one-man show. Your listeners are investigating an hour of their valuable time... They expect to hear a good story, with a beginning, a middle and an end...4 U& g0 y3 z/ k2 I5 G1 B
... Never over-estimate your audience...) S& S6 d; l8 K& ^' I( y
是的,要讲一个“故事”,因为大家都喜欢听故事,无厘头在这里就不靠谱了。而且要尽量讲得简单易懂,化繁为简,林老师也说“如果学术报告能够让老妈也能听懂,就是成功”(据说是 Don Forsyth 的名言)。: u/ { o5 ^) I' t" v& `$ w
5 P& i; N, C' W$ k(2)结构
# T* [) X% r+ a: E; A# B我之前分享了一份20分钟科学演讲的提纲:
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以“讲故事”为目标,修改后的最终版本PPT的结构变成了:
) p' L6 p7 F" Q# l0 _* Q4 q 1. Title/author/affiliation (1 slide)
" Q) C+ ^4 B2 p! m. D/ S 2. Motivation (1 slide)
7 i! j$ d: B) o3 i) `% Z+ v! y 3. Background (1 slide)
& |" M4 Q i. t 4. Hypothesis (1 slide)+ W* |$ i- h( Q
5. Results (8 slides)
7 E+ p7 C9 c. ~& C 6. Conclusion (1 slide)
0 ~% i. `3 B2 D4 C1 N" B( O 7. Future Work (1 slide)
) h! s7 a) A: }" D* B 8. Acknowledgements (1slide), e+ O- a( |2 e$ N# T
9. Backup Slides
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几点我觉得比较重要的改变包括:% ^4 A; e/ W: }
a. 删除 Forcast & Outline,这是为了更快的进入“故事”;其实所有与故事无关的都应当删去。, u" Z7 j# ~$ ~9 l
b. 缩减 Background,删减后的这个部分只有一张slide,只包括“故事”中必须要用到的概念。* n! Z/ c0 Z9 H1 {
c. 增加 Hypothesis,这个部分有点像文章的 Introduction,与最后的Conclusion对应,介绍这个研究的科学问题。
! O7 Y4 G, p# |) }d. 加大 Results 的份额,这个就不用多说了吧。“讲故事”就在这里。当然了,我发现真正在准备的时候还是很费时的,因为要注意顺序问题,怎样能一张一张有逻辑的将故事说圆了,让大家都没有疑惑。& E& N0 O; q' Z7 x% o) p
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(3)讲故事 C- z9 p, r& s' A |* H( U
也就是 Results 部分,也是报告真正的核心内容。与写文章不同的是,因为时间限制,细节问题不需要讨论;这样才能将重要的内容凸显出来。图多字少不用公式也是给短报告的一个原则。
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(4)风格
% I. c6 d' A; e( a我的第一个版本的每一张 Slide 都包括了进度条和姓名时间,后来在林老师的建议下删掉了。这是因为要“努力使听众集中注意力听故事”。
2 G) }% K, V$ c9 c同样,制作 PPT 还有很多细节问题,有些关乎个人风格。目标当然是要显得“Professional”了。下面是林老师在帮我修改 PPT 时的一些建议,在这里与大家分享一下:) T; |+ d4 x& \# b% r
a. 字体: Aria narrow.) _+ R6 U# k) F3 z/ G
字体大小: title 32, subtitle 28 etc., not smaller than 18. ~0 L0 }, }- [/ F% z. c
b.深色底色加上浅色(比如白&黄色)的字
4 g( c' Y ~; q; Z5 S8 [c. 不要过分展示别人的结果,专注于讲自己的故事。
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(5)画图! S, K; b0 S2 @% o
因为图片在报告的重要性,PPT 中的每一张图都要重新画过,推荐用 png 格式。我用 AI 将 pdf 转成 png 格式,同时要注意分辨率,字体大小的问题。下面链接是个很详细的说明:7 |( F1 {' _8 ^: ]
www.52ocean.cn
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Ref:www.52ocean.cn
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